Circulatory System
Overview
The circulatory system (cardiovascular system) pumps blood from the heart to the lungs to get oxygen. The heart then sends oxygenated blood through arteries to the rest of the body. The veins carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart to start the circulation process over.
Components
• Heart: The pump that drives circulation.
• Arteries: Carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
• Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
• Capillaries: Tiny vessels where exchange of gases and nutrients occurs.
The Cycle
1. Oxygen-poor blood enters the right atrium.
2. Moves to the right ventricle and is pumped to the lungs.
3. Picks up oxygen in the lungs and returns to the left atrium.
4. Moves to the left ventricle and is pumped out to the body via the aorta.
5. Delivers oxygen to cells and picks up waste.
6. Returns to the heart through veins.
Common Conditions
• Arteriosclerosis: Hardening of arteries due to plaque buildup.
• High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Increases strain on the heart.
• Angina: Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.
• Arrhythmia: Irregular heartbeats.
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